Question follows a statement along with 2 or 3 assumptions. We have to identify which assumption is very strong.
In each question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.
1. Statement: Ruthwik left for Hyderabad on Tuesday by train to attend a function to be held on friday at his uncle's house in Warangal.
Assumptions:
I. Ruthwik may reach Warangal on Wednesday.
II. Ruthwik may reach Warangal before Friday.
a. Only assumption I is implicit
b. Only assumption II is implicit
c. Either I or II is implicit
d. Neither I nor II is implicit
e. Both I and II implicit
Ans: b
Explanation: Clearly, it cannot be deduced as to which day Ruthwik would reach Warangal. But Ruthwik left for Vikarabad to attend a function to be held on Friday. So, he must have planned his journey to reach Warangal before Friday. Thus, only II is implicit.
2. Statement: The state government has decided to appoint four thousand primary school teachers during the next financial year.
Assumptions:
I. There are enough schools in the state to accommodate four thousand additional primary school teachers.
II. The Eligible candidates may not be interested to apply has the government may not finally appoint such a large number of Primary school teachers.
a. If only assumption I is implicit
b. If only assumption II is implicit
c. If either I or II is implicit
d. If either I nor II is implicit
e. If both I and II are implicit
Explanation: Such decisions as given in the statement are taken only after taking the existing vacancies into consideration. So, I implicit while II isn't.
3. Statement: "If you trouble me, I will slap you."- A mother warns her child.
Assumptions:
I. With the warning, the child may stop troubling her.
II. All children are basically naughty.
a. If only assumption I is implicit
b. If only assumption II is implicit
c. If either I or II is implicit
d. If either I nor II is implicit
e. If both I and II are implicit
Explanation: The mother wasrns her child with the expectation that he would stop troubling her. So, I is implicit. The general nature of children cannot be derived from the statement. So, II is not implicit.
4. Statement: ‘If you want to give any advertisement, give it in the newspaper’ Ammu tells Kanna.
Assumptions:
I. Kanna wants to publicise his products
II. Newspaper The Hindu has a wide circulation.
a. Only assumption I is implicit
b. Only assumption II is implicit
c. Either I or II is implicit
d. Neither I nor II is implicit
e. Both I and II implicit
Ans: b
Explanation: The word 'If in the statement shows that Kanna may or may not want to publicise his products. So I is not implicit. It is advised that advertisements be given in newspaper. This means that Paper will help advertise better i.e., it has wider circulation. So, II is implicit
5. Statement: The company has decided to increase the price of all its products to takle the precarious financial position.
Assumptions:
I. The company may be able to wipe out the entire loses incurred earlier by this decision.
II. The buyers may continue to buy its products even after its increase.
III. The company has adequate resources to continue production for few more months.
a. None is implicit
b. Only II and III are implicit
c. Only I and II are implicit
d. Only II is implicit e. None of these
Ans: b
6. Statement: Apart from the entertainment value of television, its educational value cannot be ignored.
Assumptions:
I. People take television to be a means of entertainment only.
II. The educational value of television is not realised properly.
a. If only assumption I is implicit
b. If only assumption II is implicit
c. If either I or II is implicit
d. If either I nor II is implicit
e. If both I and II are implicit
Explanation: The statement makes the first assumption clear though educational value is not to be ignored. So, I is implicit. That the educational value must not be ignored also shows that educational value is not realised properly. So, II is also implicit.
7. Statement: Today I must satisfy myself only by looking at a pink headed duck in an encyclopaedia.
Assumptions:
I. Pink headed ducks are so good as extinct now.
II. People refer to encyclopaedia to know only about things which do not exist now.
a. Only assumption I is implicit
b. Only assumption II is implicit
c. Either I or II is implicit
d. Neither I nor II is implicit
e. Both I and II implicit
Ans: a
Explanation: Since the narrator talks of satisfying himself by just looking at a picture in encyclopaedia, it means that pink headed ducks are not be seen alive. So, I is implicit. But II does not follow from the statement and is not implicit.
8. Statement: The first step in treating addicts is to re-establish their lost ties, for which a continuous personal attention should be paid to the addicts under treatment.
Assumptions:
I. Addicts under treatment respond better when shown personal interest.
II. Addiction and strained relationships are imtimately connected.
a. If only assumption I is implicit
b. If only assumption II is implicit
c. If either I or II is implicit
d. If either I nor II is implicit
e. If both I and II are implicit
Explanation: Clearly, treatment of addiction requires personal attention as the first step. So, I is implicit. Also, since intimacy and personal attention are required to treat addicts, it implies that addiction arises out of frustration due to strained relationships. So, II is also implicit.
9. Statement: If he is intelligent, he will pass the examination.
Assumptions:
I. To pass, he must be intelligent.
II. He will pass the examination.
a. Only assumption I is implicit
b. Only assumption II is implicit
c. Either I or II is implicit
d. Neither I nor II is implicit
e. Both I and II implicit
Ans: a
Explanation: The statement mentions that he will pass if he is intelligent. So, I is implicit. Further, this means that it is not necessary that he will pass. So, II is not implicit.
10. Statement: Like a mad man, I decided to follow him.
Assumptions:
I. I am not a mad man
II. I am a mad man
a. If only assumption I is implicit
b. If only assumption II is implicit
c. If either I or II is implicit
d. If either I nor II is implicit
e. If both I and II are implicit
Explanation: The words 'Like a mad man' show that either a person is really mad or he is not mad but acted like mad. So, either I or II is implicit.
Statements & Conclusions
Statement:
A statement is a formal account of certain facts, views, problems or situations expressed in words.
Conclusion: A conclusion is a belief or an opinion that is the result of reasoning out a given statement. It can also be defined as a proposition in an argument to which other propositions in the argument gives support.
Question follows a statement by 2 or 3 conclusions.From the given statement we have to recognised what kind of final conclusion can be delivered.
1. Statement: Money plays a vital role in securities.
Conclusion:
I. The poor can never become politicians.
II. All the rich men take part in politics.
a. If only conclusion I follows
b. If only conclusion II follows
c. If either I or II follows
d. If either I nor II follows
e. If both I and II follow.
Explanation: Neither the poor nor the rich, but only the role of money in politics is being talked about in the statement. So, neither I nor II follows.
2. Statement: Vegetable prices are soaring in the market
Conclusion:
I. Vegetables are becoming a rare commodity.
II. People cannot eat vegetables.
a. If only conclusion I follows
b. If only conclusion II follows
c. If either I or II follows
d. If either I nor II follows
e. If both I and II follow.
Explanation: The availability of vegetables is not mentioned
in the given statement. So, I does not
follow Also, II is not directly related to the
statement and so it also does not follows.
3. Statement: Women's organisations in India have welcomed the amendment of the Industrial Employment Rules 1946 to curb sexual harassment at the work place.
Conclusion:
I. Sexual harassment of women at work place is more prevalent in India as compared to other developed countries.
II. Many organisations in India will stop recruiting women to avoid such problems.
a. If only conclusion I follows
b. If only conclusion II follows
c. If either I or II follows
d. If either I nor II follows
e. If both I and II follow.
Explanation: The fact that a certain rule has been more welcomed in a certain country does not imply that the problem is more prevalent there. So, I does not follow. Also, the amendment seeks to discourage only sexual harasment of women and shall in no way discourage employment of women. So, II also does not follow.
4. Statement: Nation X faced growing international opposition for its decision to explode eight nuclear weapons at its test site.
Conclusion:
I. The citizens of the nation favoured the decision.
II. Some powerful countries do not want other nations to become as powerful as they are.
a. If only conclusion I follows
b. If only conclusion II follows
c. If either I or II follows
d. If either I nor II follows
e. If both I and II follow.
Explanation: Neither the citizens response to the decision not the reason for opposition by other nations can be deduced from the statement. So, neither I nor II follows.
5. Statement: Sealed tenders are invited from competent contractors experienced in executing construction jobs.
Conclusion:
I. Tenders are Invited only from experienced contractors.
II. It is difficult to find competent tenders in construction jobs.
a. If only conclusion I follows
b. If only conclusion II follows
c. If either I or II follows
d. If neither I nor II follows
e. If both I and II follow.
Explanation: According the statement, tenders are invited from contractors experienced in executing construction jobs. So, conclusion I follows. the availability of component tenderers in construction is not mentioned. So, conclusion II does not follow. Hence, answer is a.
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