Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial forum and final court of appeal. According to the Constitution of India, the role of the Supre me Court is that of a federal court and guardian of the Constitution.
Composition of Supreme Court
Under Article 124(1) the constitution originally provided for 1 Chief Justice of India and not more than 6 other judges. The constitution authorizes the Par liament to provide by law in fixing the Strength of the judges of the Supreme Court. The Parliament passed the Supreme Court (Number of Judges) thus accordingly, a Constitutional Amendment Act in 2008 has increased the strength of Supreme Court to 31 (1 Chief Justice + 30 other judges).
Under Article 124(1) the constitution originally provided for 1 Chief Justice of India and not more than 6 other judges. The constitution authorizes the Par liament to provide by law in fixing the Strength of the judges of the Supreme Court. The Parliament passed the Supreme Court (Number of Judges) thus accordingly, a Constitutional Amendment Act in 2008 has increased the strength of Supreme Court to 31 (1 Chief Justice + 30 other judges).
Qualification to be a judge of Supreme Court
- 1. A person must be a citizen of India
- 2. He/she must have been, for at least five years, a Judge of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession
- Removal of judges of Supreme Court Article 124(4) provides for the removal of a judge of the Supreme Court.
- He is removed by the President upon an address by both the Houses of the Parliament supported by a majority of not less than 2/3rd of members present and voting and a majority of total strength of the House on the ground of misbehavior or incapacity.
The President shall pass the order of removal in the same session in which the Parliament passed the resolution.
Article 124(5) confers the power on the Parliament to provide by law for the procedure for the Presentation of an address an d for the investigation for proof of misbehavior or incapacity of a judge. Accordingly the Parliament passed Judges (Inquiry) Act 1968 which states that a resolution seeking the removal of a judge of Supreme Court can be introduced in either House of Parl iament. It should be supported by not less than 100 member of Lok Sabha. If it is to be introduced in Rajya Sabha it should be supported by no less than 50 members of Rajya Sabha.
Some Important Points on Supreme Court
1. The first woman judge of the Supreme Court was Justice Fatima Beevi in 1987. However, there has been no female Chief Justice
1. The first woman judge of the Supreme Court was Justice Fatima Beevi in 1987. However, there has been no female Chief Justice
2. Adhoc Judges:
- a) Ad hoc Judges are non Supreme Court judges who sit in the Supreme Court when there is insufficient quorum to perform the judicial duties.
- b) Ad ho c Judges are appointed by the Chief Justice after obtaining consent from the President.
- c) Serving(HC) and retired(SC & HC) judges of the Supreme Court (and High Courts) can sit and act as ad hoc Judges of the Supreme Court.
- d) Only such persons can be appointed as ad hoc Judges who are qualified to be appointed as a regular Judge of the Supreme Court
3. The Chief Justice administers the oath in front of the President.
4.The first Chief Justice of India was H J Kania (1950 1951). This may have been triggered by a star in the region exploding as a supernova, and sending a shock wave through the solar nebula. As the cloud rotated, it became a flat disc perpendicular to its axis of rotation. Most of the w
5. The shortest tenu Dec 1991, UP)
6. re was for K N Singh (Nov 1991The longest tenure was for Y V Chandrachud (19781985, Bombay)
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