Dear Readers ......... If you are preparing for SSC CGL or Railways RRB or any other competitive exam, you need to prepare for General Awareness/ General Studies/ General Knowledge & Current Affairs. These will fetch you quick and easy marks. These series of General Awareness Notes in PDF for SSC, Railways will help you prepare fast and better than your competition
Today’s focus will be on Geography, specifically on the River and Drainage System of India.
GEOGRAPHY – RIVER / DRAINAGE SYSTEM OF INDIA
The flow of water through channels is called drainage. The network of such channels is known as drainage system. On the basis of origin, Indian drainage system is divided into - Himalayan rivers and Peninsular rivers.
HIMALAYAN RIVERS
The major Himalayan rivers are the Ganga, the Indus and the Brahmaputra.
These rivers are very long compared to the rivers of South India.
They are called perennial rivers as they are fed by both rainfall and the melting of snow.
The major Himalayan rivers are the Ganga, the Indus and the Brahmaputra.
These rivers are very long compared to the rivers of South India.
They are called perennial rivers as they are fed by both rainfall and the melting of snow.
INDUS RIVER SYSTEM
It is also known as Sindhu river.
Total length is 2880 km.
Source - Kailash Range, Tibet near Mansarovar Lake.
Destination - Arabian Sea.
Panchnad – Jhelum (Vitasta), Chenab (Chandrabhaga), Ravi (Iravati), Beas (Bipasha) and Sutlej (Satadru).
It is also known as Sindhu river.
Total length is 2880 km.
Source - Kailash Range, Tibet near Mansarovar Lake.
Destination - Arabian Sea.
Panchnad – Jhelum (Vitasta), Chenab (Chandrabhaga), Ravi (Iravati), Beas (Bipasha) and Sutlej (Satadru).
Jhelum __ Verinag __ Uri
Chenub __ Bara Lacha Pass __ Dul H asti
Ravi ___ Rohtang Pass
Bean ___ Rohtang Pas
Sultuj ___ Near Mansarovar ___ Govind Sagar/ Bhakra Nangal Dam
Chenub __ Bara Lacha Pass __ Dul H asti
Ravi ___ Rohtang Pass
Bean ___ Rohtang Pas
Sultuj ___ Near Mansarovar ___ Govind Sagar/ Bhakra Nangal Dam
GANGA RIVER SYSTEM
Source - Gangotri glacier near Gomukh, Uttrakhand in the Kumaon Himalaya.
It is named as Bhagirathi here. At Devprayag, Alakananda joins Bhagirathi and becomes Ganga.
In Allahabad it is joined by Yamuna, the largest tributary of Ganga, rising from Yamunotri glacier.
Left bank tributaries - Ramganga, Gandak, Kosi, Gharghara, Gomati.
Right bank tributaries - Son.
Kosi, a tributary, is flood prone. So it is known as “Sorrow of Bihar”.
Ganga flows through Uttrakhand, UP, MP, Chattisgarh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Rajasthan and WB.
It bifurcates into Bhagirathi and Hooghly in WB and Padma-Meghna in Bangladesh.
Ganga-Brahmaputra delta is the largest delta in the world.
Total length of Ganga – 2530 km.
Ganga Basin area is 9,51,600 sq. km.
The plain area from Haridwar to Ganga’s mouth is fertile with alluvial soil.
Source - Gangotri glacier near Gomukh, Uttrakhand in the Kumaon Himalaya.
It is named as Bhagirathi here. At Devprayag, Alakananda joins Bhagirathi and becomes Ganga.
In Allahabad it is joined by Yamuna, the largest tributary of Ganga, rising from Yamunotri glacier.
Left bank tributaries - Ramganga, Gandak, Kosi, Gharghara, Gomati.
Right bank tributaries - Son.
Kosi, a tributary, is flood prone. So it is known as “Sorrow of Bihar”.
Ganga flows through Uttrakhand, UP, MP, Chattisgarh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Rajasthan and WB.
It bifurcates into Bhagirathi and Hooghly in WB and Padma-Meghna in Bangladesh.
Ganga-Brahmaputra delta is the largest delta in the world.
Total length of Ganga – 2530 km.
Ganga Basin area is 9,51,600 sq. km.
The plain area from Haridwar to Ganga’s mouth is fertile with alluvial soil.
BRAHMAPUTRA
Source - Chemayung-Dung glacier near Mansarovar in Tibet.
In Tibet it is known as Tsangpo.
It turns SW near Namcha Barwa in Arunachal Pradesh and enters India as Dihang
Near Sadiya, Dihang enters into India where Dibang and Lohit join it to make Brahmaputra.
Finally it enters into Bangladesh as Jamuna and meets Padma to drain into Bay of Bengal.
Right bank tributaries - Subansiri, Kameng, Manas.
Left bank tributaries - Buri Dihang, Kameng.
Majuli is a large riverine island of Brahmaputra.
Total length of Brahmaputra is 2900 km.
Source - Chemayung-Dung glacier near Mansarovar in Tibet.
In Tibet it is known as Tsangpo.
It turns SW near Namcha Barwa in Arunachal Pradesh and enters India as Dihang
Near Sadiya, Dihang enters into India where Dibang and Lohit join it to make Brahmaputra.
Finally it enters into Bangladesh as Jamuna and meets Padma to drain into Bay of Bengal.
Right bank tributaries - Subansiri, Kameng, Manas.
Left bank tributaries - Buri Dihang, Kameng.
Majuli is a large riverine island of Brahmaputra.
Total length of Brahmaputra is 2900 km.
PENINSULAR RIVER SYSTEM
Peninsular rivers are both west and east flowing.
Narmada and Tapi drain into Arabian Sea where Mahanadi, Godavari, Cauvery and Krishna drain into Bay of Bengal.
East flowing rivers form delta where west flowing rivers don’t form delta.
Narmada and Tapi are rift valleys.
Peninsular rivers are both west and east flowing.
Narmada and Tapi drain into Arabian Sea where Mahanadi, Godavari, Cauvery and Krishna drain into Bay of Bengal.
East flowing rivers form delta where west flowing rivers don’t form delta.
Narmada and Tapi are rift valleys.
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