1. Statements:
All sticks are plants.
All plants are stem.
All stems are amphibians
Conclusions:
I. At least some amphibians are plants
II. All sticks are stems
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
I. At least some amphibians are plants
II. All sticks are stems
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
2. Statements:
All flats are huts.
No hut is a building.
All buildings are cottages
Conclusions:
I. No flat is a cottage
II. Some buildings being flats is a possibility
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
Conclusions:
I. No flat is a cottage
II. Some buildings being flats is a possibility
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
3. Statements:
All sticks are plants.
All plants are stems.
All stems are amphibians
Conclusions:
I. All amphibians are sticks
II. All plants are amphibians
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
Conclusions:
I. All amphibians are sticks
II. All plants are amphibians
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
4. Statements:
All flats are huts.
No hut is a building.
All buildings are cottages
Conclusions:
I. No cottage is a flat
II. Some cottages are flats.
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
Conclusions:
I. No cottage is a flat
II. Some cottages are flats.
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
5. Statements:
All flats are huts.
No hut is a building.
All buildings are cottages
Conclusions:
I. Some cottages being flats is a possibility
II. No cottage is a hut
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
Conclusions:
I. Some cottages being flats is a possibility
II. No cottage is a hut
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
6. Statements:
Some mobiles are cells.
All cells are pagers.
No pager is a camera
Conclusions:
I. Some mobiles are definitely not cameras
II. No mobile is a camera
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
Conclusions:
I. Some mobiles are definitely not cameras
II. No mobile is a camera
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
7. Statements:
Some mobiles are cells.
All cells are pagers.
No pager is a camera
Conclusions:
I. All cells are cameras
II. All mobiles being cells is a possibility
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
Conclusions:
I. All cells are cameras
II. All mobiles being cells is a possibility
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
8. Statements:
All schools are colleges.
All schools are hospitals.
No hospital is a campus.
Conclusions:
I. All colleges are hospitals
II. All schools being campus is a possibility
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
Conclusions:
I. All colleges are hospitals
II. All schools being campus is a possibility
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
9. Statements:
No hardware is software.
Some software is keyboard.
All mouse are software.
Conclusions:
I. No mouse is a hardware
II. Some hardware are mouse
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
Conclusions:
I. No mouse is a hardware
II. Some hardware are mouse
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
10. Statements:
Some A is B.
Some B is C.
No C is D.
Some D is E
Conclusions:
I. All D being B is possibility
II. All E can never be C
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
Conclusions:
I. All D being B is possibility
II. All E can never be C
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow
11. Statements:
Some tyres are bags.
All bags are shirts.
No shirt is a Tie
Conclusions:
I. All tyres being shirts is a possibility
II. Some shirts are not bags
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
Conclusions:
I. All tyres being shirts is a possibility
II. Some shirts are not bags
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
12. Statements:
Some tyres are bags.
All bags are shirts.
No shirt is a Tie
Conclusions:
I. All Tie being tyres is a possibility
II. No bag is a Tie
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
Conclusions:
I. All Tie being tyres is a possibility
II. No bag is a Tie
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
13. Statements:
Some knives are pins.
All pins are needles.
No needle is a lock
Conclusions:
I. Some locks are knives
II. No lock is a knife
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
Conclusions:
I. Some locks are knives
II. No lock is a knife
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
14. Statements:
Some inputs are outputs.
All outputs are wrong.
No wrong is a result.
Conclusions:
I. All inputs being wrong is a possibility
II. All results being inputs is a possibility
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
Conclusions:
I. All inputs being wrong is a possibility
II. All results being inputs is a possibility
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
15. Statements:
Some inputs are outputs.
All outputs are wrong.
No wrong is a result.
Conclusions:
I. No output is a result
II. Some wrong are not outputs
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
Conclusions:
I. No output is a result
II. Some wrong are not outputs
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
16. Statements:
Some plants are leaves.
All stem are leaves.
No leaves are branches.
Conclusions:
I. all leaves being plant is a possibility
II. some stem can never be branch
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
Conclusions:
I. all leaves being plant is a possibility
II. some stem can never be branch
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
17. Statements:
All trousers are tape.
All tours are travels.
Some travels are not trains.
No tape is a travel
Conclusions:
I. No tape is a tour
II. All tours are trains.
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
Conclusions:
I. No tape is a tour
II. All tours are trains.
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
18. Statements:
All trousers are tape.
All tours are travels.
Some travels are not trains.
No tape is a travel
Conclusions:
Conclusions:
I. Some trains are not tapes
II. No travel is a trouser
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
II. No travel is a trouser
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
19. Statements:
All A are B.
No C is B.
All B are D.
Conclusions:
Conclusions:
I. No C is A
II. All D being A is a possibility
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
II. All D being A is a possibility
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
20. Statements:
All states are districts.
No district is a town.
Some towns are villages.
Conclusions:
Conclusions:
I. No village is a state
II. Some states are not towns
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
21. Statements:
II. Some states are not towns
1) If only conclusion I follows.
2) If only conclusion II follows.
3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
21. Statements:
All spoons are bowls.
Some bowls are plates
Conclusions:
Conclusions:
I. Some spoons are plates
II. Some bowls are spoons
III. Some bowls are spoons
IV. All bowls are spoons
1) Only I follows
2) Only II follows
3) Only II and III follows
4) Only I and II follows
II. Some bowls are spoons
III. Some bowls are spoons
IV. All bowls are spoons
1) Only I follows
2) Only II follows
3) Only II and III follows
4) Only I and II follows
5) None of these
22. Statements:
Some dogs are cats.
No cat is a cow
Conclusions:
Conclusions:
I. Some cats are dogs
II. Some cows are dogs
III. No dog is a cow
IV. Some cats are not dogs
1) Only I and II follows
2) Only II follows
3) Only II and III follows
4) Only I and II follows 5) None of these
Answers :
1. (5)If both conclusions I and II follow
2. (2) If only conclusion II follows.
3. (4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
4. (3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
5. (1) If only conclusion I follows.
6. (1) If only conclusion I follows.
7. (2) If only conclusion II follows.
8. (4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows
9. (1) If only conclusion I follows
10. (5) If both conclusions I and II follow
11. (1) If only conclusion I follows
12. (5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
13. (3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
14. (5) If both conclusions I and II follow
15. (1) If only conclusion I follows
16. (5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
17. (1) If only conclusion I follows.
18. (2) If only conclusion II follows.
19. (5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
20. (2) If only conclusion II follows.
II. Some cows are dogs
III. No dog is a cow
IV. Some cats are not dogs
1) Only I and II follows
2) Only II follows
3) Only II and III follows
4) Only I and II follows 5) None of these
1. (5)If both conclusions I and II follow
2. (2) If only conclusion II follows.
3. (4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows.
4. (3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
5. (1) If only conclusion I follows.
6. (1) If only conclusion I follows.
7. (2) If only conclusion II follows.
8. (4) If neither conclusion I nor II follows
9. (1) If only conclusion I follows
10. (5) If both conclusions I and II follow
11. (1) If only conclusion I follows
12. (5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
13. (3) If either conclusion I or II follows.
14. (5) If both conclusions I and II follow
15. (1) If only conclusion I follows
16. (5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
17. (1) If only conclusion I follows.
18. (2) If only conclusion II follows.
19. (5) If both conclusions I and II follow.
20. (2) If only conclusion II follows.
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